2021년 수능특강라이트 16강1,2(기출+)

In 1979, University of Washington psychologist Andy Meltzoff stuck out his tongue at a baby 42 minutes old, then sat back to see what happened. After some effort, the baby returned the favor, slowly rolling out his own tongue. Meltzoff stuck his tongue out again. The infant responded in kind. Meltzoff discovered that babies could imitate right from the start of their little lives (or, at least, 42 minutes from the start of their little lives). That's an extraordinary finding. Imitation involves many sophisticated realizations for babies, from discovering that other people exist in the world to realizing that they have operating body parts, and the same ones as you. That's not a blank slate. That's an amazing, fully operational cognitive slate.

 

Children in all cultures acquire language through play. Their earliest production of language-like sounds (cooing and babbling) and first words are always playful. Later, children playfully rehearse more complex linguistic constructions, sometimes in monologue when alone. But of course, their language play is influenced by culture. Infants gradually restrict their babbling to the phonemes of their native language and, later, play with the words and grammatical constructions of that language. Children everywhere also engage in constructive play, thereby exercising the crucial human skill of building things, but what they build depends on what they see in the world around them. Children everywhere play in ways that exercise the human mental capacities of imagination and reasoning, but the scenes they imagine and the ideas they rehearse in such play derive from the culture.

 

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